不同培养料栽培杏鲍菇的品质分析

Quality Analysis of Pleurotus eryngii Cultivated with Different Kinds of Composts

分析了三种培养料栽培的杏鲍菇 (干品 )的氨基酸、常规营养成分、微量元素和维生素含量。结果表明 ,以棉籽壳、玉米芯和玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇 ,其氨基酸总量分别为12 .72mg g、13.0 6mg g和 13.0 3mg g。其中 ,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的 4 3.2 3%、4 2 .2 7%和4 3.36 % ,鲜味氨基酸 (Glu、Asp)占氨基酸总量的 2 4 .84 %、2 5 .88%和 2 5 .4 8% ,甜味氨基酸 (Ser、Gly、Ala)占氨基酸总量的 16 .2 7%、16 .77%和 17.0 4 %。以棉籽壳和玉米芯为主料栽培的杏鲍菇 ,其蛋白质、脂肪、总糖和粗纤维含量比较接近 ,以玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇 ,其脂肪含量明显高于另外两种培养料栽培的杏鲍菇。锌和硒含量在三种培养料栽培的杏鲍菇中无明显差异 ,但钙含量差异显著。在棉籽壳和玉米芯为主料栽培的杏鲍菇中 ,VC、VB1和VB2 含量相差无几 ,但VB2 含量略低于玉米秸秆为主料栽培的杏鲍菇 。

The contents of amino acids, conventional nutrients, microelements and vitamins of dry Pleurotus eryngiifruitbodies cultivated with different kinds of composts were analyzed. The experiment results showed that the total amino acid contents of P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull,corn cob and corn stover were 12.72, 13.06 and 13.03mg/g resp., in which the essential amino acid contents, the delicious amino acid contents and the sweet amino acid contents made up 43.23%, 42.27%, 43.36%; 24.84%, 25.88%, 25.48% and 16.27%, 16.77%, 17.04% of the total amino acid contents resp.. And it was also confirmed in our experiments that the contents of protein, fat, total sugar and crude fibre in P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull and corn cob were almost the same, while the contents of fat in P.eryngii cultivated with corn stover were significantly higher than that in P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull and corn cob; that the contents of Zn and Se in P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull, corn cob and corn stover had no significant differences, but the contents of Ca differed significantly; and that the contents of VC, VB 1 and VB 2 in P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull and corn cob were almost the same, but the contents of VB 2 were a little lower than that in P.eryngii cultivated with corn stover, and the contents of VC were also lower than that in P.eryngii cultivated with corn stover.