昆明铁路职工阿尔茨海默病流行病学研究及影响因素分析

Epidemiological and the influencing factors study of Alzheimer’s disease to Kunming railway workers

目的:为了解昆明地区阿尔茨海默病流行病学情况,选择在昆明铁路职工中进行调查研究。方法:采用二阶段法:第一阶段以MMSE表为主,辅助调查问卷表(一)进行筛查;第二阶段为临床诊断,诊断按照美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组诊断标准,利用SPSS统计学软件进行数据处理,做相关的流行病学统计分析和影响因素分析。结果:共纳入调查对象509人,阿尔茨海默病患病率为4.5%。经双因素、单因素和Logistic回归分析示:患病率与年龄、教育程度、2种及以上的慢性病密切相关,与性别、吸烟、喝茶、运动、娱乐、重大生活负性事件无关。结论:阿尔茨海默病的患病率与世界各国报道相似。高龄、文盲为危险因素,且教育对阿尔茨海默病的发生具有保护作用。合并2种及以上的慢性病是阿尔茨海默病的独立危险因素,对于规避风险是很有研究和讨论意义的。

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of Alzheimer disease in Kunming, and to investigate and study in Kunming railway workers. Methods A two-stage method was adopted: the first stage was dominated by the MMSE table, and the auxiliary questionnaire (I) was used for screening. The second stage is clinical diagnosis. According to the diagnostic criteria of the diagnostic guidelines writing group of the national institute of aging and the Alzheimer’s disease association, SPSS statistical software is used for data processing, and relevant epidemiological statistical analysis and influencing factors are analyzed. Results A total of 509 subjects were included, and the prevalence rate of Alzheimer disease was 4.5%. According to binary, univariate and Logistic regression analysis, the prevalence rate was closely related to age, education degree, two or more chronic diseases, and had nothing to do with gender, smoking, drinking tea, sports, entertainment or major negative life events. Conclusion The prevalence rate of Alzheimer’s disease is similar to that reported worldwide. Old age, illiteracy are risk factors, and education has protective effect on the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease. The combination of two or more chronic diseases is an independent risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, which is of great research and discussion significance for risk avoidance.