农村社会化服务组织的中间层组织与厂商理论分析(英文)

Analysis of the Theory of Intermediaries and Firm in Rural Socialized Service Organizations

以斯普尔伯的中间层组织与厂商理论为基础,介绍了基本的中间层模型及中间层的交换能够发生的充要条件,并运用非合作博弈说明了中间层的介入,考虑了垄断中间层和伯特兰价格竞争两种情况下,中间层出现的条件,分析了作为中间层的厂商不是通过将交易内部化,而是通过更有效地进行交易从而实现交易成本的节约。笔者给出了一个具体案例,即中国北京市李桥镇北河村瓜农协会,并运用劳动分工、专业化及交换的经济学原理剖析了案例中的农村社会化服务组织存在的根本目的,即节约交易成本。然后,作者在厘清农村社会化服务组织内涵的基础上,运用案例中的具体数值进一步分析了农村社会化服务组织在实际交易中所起的作用,它不仅节约了个体的搜寻成本与讨价还价成本,争取到了被挤压的利润,还节约了农民的决策、执行、控制等成本。理论研究和案例分析的结果表明:分散的农民无法解决小生产与大市场的矛盾,作为以服务农民公众利益为宗旨的农村社会化服务组织,在农民进入市场交易的过程中,能够做到为农民节约交易成本,从而维护农民的经济权益。

We use Sperber's intermediaries and the firm theory to analyze the rural socialized service organizations.By studying the case of the melon association in Beihe Village of Liqiao Township in Beijing,we find that the basic existing objective of this association is to save transaction cost.The theoretical research and case analysis results show that the dispersed peasants are unable to solve the contradiction between small-scale production and large-scale market.However,the rural socialized service organizations,the purpose of which is to serve the benefit of the peasants,can save the transaction cost of peasants and safeguard the economic interests of the peasants.