中国农村居民家庭人均纯收入的聚类分析(英文)

Cluster Analysis on Per Capita Net Income of Rural Households in China

简述了中国农村的现状。农村大部分地区在耕作方式上仍采用传统的方法,机械化使用率和劳动生产率较低; 作物品种少有创新,作物质量不佳,出口受到严重限制,农民收入偏低。介绍了聚类分析的原理: 根据一批样品的多个观测指标,具体找出一些能够度量样品( 或指标)之间相似程度的统计量,并以此作为划分类型的依据,将一些相似程度较大的样品( 或指标) 聚合为一类,直到把所有的样品( 或指标) 聚合完毕。根据相关统计资料,采用聚类分析方法,对中国各地区农村居民家庭人均纯收入进行了聚类分析。结果表明,中国 31 个省( 市、自治区) 可划分为4 类。第1 类为北京、上海。此类地区综合经济实力处于全国前列,因而农村居民家庭人均纯收入也位于前列。第 2 类为天津、江苏、浙江。其中,天津市坚持沿海都市型农业发展方向,积极推进农业产业结构战略性调整,从而大大提高了农民收入; 江苏是中国著名的经济大省,具有优越的农业生产条件; 浙江是综合性的农业高产区域,以多种经营和精耕细作见长,因此,农村居民人均纯收入位居全国前列。第 3 类为辽宁、山东、福建、广东。4 省均位于中国东部沿海地区,具有丰富的海洋资源,适宜于农作物生长,农业发展较快,农村居民生活水平相对较高。其他各省( 区) 归于第4 类,由于受地理位置和气候条件的影响,农业产值和农村居民家庭人均纯收入均较低。

This paper summarizes the status of rural areas in China, and introduces the principle of Cluster Analysis. According to related statistical data, per capita net income of rural households in various regions of China is analyzed by adopting the method of Cluster Analysis. The results show that a total of 31 cities, autonomous regions and provinces in China can be divided into 4 types. The first type includes Beijing and Shanghai. Comprehensive economic strengths of these regions, as well as per capita net income of rural households, are in the forefront. The second type includes Tianjin, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces of China, which have superior conditions of agricultural production with excellent foundation of agriculture and stable income sources. The third type includes Liaoning, Shandong, Fujian and Guangdong. The 4 provinces are located in eastern coastal area which have abundant marine resources and relatively higher living level of rural residents, and are suitable for the growth of crops. The rest regions can be classified into the fourth type, which have lower agricultural output and per capita net income of rural households due to the impacts of location and climate condition.