基于合作社的安徽农村区域经济发展途径探析(英文)

Discussion on Ways of Economic Development in Rural Areas of Anhui Province Based on Cooperatives

以中国皖南宣城市和皖北阜阳市为例,介绍了安徽农村区域的经济发展现状:宣城市立足经济区位、自然条件、文化渊源3大比较优势,形成了"特色+规模+品牌"的新型农业模式,合作经济组织和龙头企业发展迅速;阜阳市农业产业化还处在起步阶段,经营水平不高,科技含量低,龙头企业规模小,市场竞争力不高。分析了安徽农村合作经济组织的4 种发展模式及其特点。①"经济人领办型"。其主要形式是"专业合作社+农户",采取保护价收购。以宣城鑫宇禽业专业合作社为例,介绍了此种模式的运作过程。②"龙头企业带动型"。其主要形式是"公司+农户"或"公司+协会+农户",这些公司一般是依托农副产品产地资源进行精、深加工的乡镇企业。以宣城市东兴禽业有限责任公司为例,介绍了公司的运作机理和目标。③"主导产业促进型"。它的一般作法是:以市场为导向,以发展商品经济为依托;以地方优势为基础,发展地方名特优产品。以宣城市徽韵枣产业专业合作社和上庄茶叶专业合作社为例,分别介绍了它们的服务内容和作用。④"民间力量推动型"。这种模式是从农民的精神激励出发,再加上外部力量的协助,从而提高农民的组织化程度。以阜阳南塘兴农合作社为例,分析了该社的组建历程及其作用。探讨了安徽农村区域经济发展的两条路径:一是"民间力量推动型"与"经济人领办型"相结合,该模式适用于安徽北部一些贫困地区;二是"龙头企业带动型"与"主导产业促进型"相结合,该模式适用于安徽南部经济较发达的区域。

Taking Xuancheng City in southern Anhui and Fuyang City in northern Anhui as the examples, the economic development status in rural areas of Anhui Province was introduced. Four development modes of rural cooperative economic organizations were analyzed. The main form of 'agents leading mode' was 'professional cooperative + farmers' and the products were purchased by protective price. The main forms of 'leading enterprises driving mode' were 'corporation + farmers' or 'corporation + association + farmers'. 'Leading industry pushing mode' could help to increase the income of farmers by developing leading industry. 'Folk forces pushing mode' could help to improve the systematization degree of farmers by folk forces. Two ways were put forward on the economic development in rural areas of Anhui Province. The combination of 'folk forces pushing mode' and 'agents leading mode' was applicable to the depressed areas in northern Anhui, while the combination of 'leading enterprises driving mode' and 'leading industry pushing mode' was applicable to developed areas in southern Anhui.