猪苓菌核结构性质的研究

STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF SCLEROTIA OF GRIFOLA UMBELLATA

利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对猪苓菌核的结构及其发育进行了研究。组成猪苓菌核的菌丝与平板培养或发酵培养的猪苓菌丝比较,具有多分枝、融合频率高、菌丝形态不规则等特点。猪苓菌核表现了高度的结构分化,有表皮、表皮下层、疏松菌丝层和结构菌丝之分,结构菌丝是组成菌核的主要成分,疏松菌丝层类似一般菌核的髓,但大小、位置在菌核中变化较大。菌核的个体繁殖是由母体菌核的一束或几束菌丝突破表皮而萌发产生新的菌核;较系统的观察了猪苓菌核细胞分裂及其菌丝内部结构的变化。

Structure and development of sclerotia of Grifola umbellata were stu- died With light and electron microscope.In comparing the hyphae from plate culture and liquid fermentation with the hyphae consisting of the sclerotia of G.umbellata,the latter showed multi-branched hyphae,higher rate of mycelium fusion and irregular morphology of hyphae etc. The sclerotia of G.umbellata showed high differentiation in structure,and could be divided into several layers from outside to inside,epiderm,hypodermal layer,the layer of loose hy- phae and structural hyphae.The structural hyphae consisted of the main parts of sclerotia, the layer of loose hyphae resemble the medulla of sclerotia of other fungi,but it changed in size and position.Several bundles of hypae broke epiderm of parent sclerotia to produce a new sclerotia.We obserfed systematically on the process of the cell division and structure change of sclerotia of G.umbellata.