农村人力资本供求非均衡特征与农业现代化

Inbalance between Supply and Demand of Rural Human Capital and Agricultural Modernization

分析了农村人力资本供求非均衡特征及其对我国农业现代化的制约作用 ,认为目前我国农村人力资本在供求关系上是非均衡的 ,表现为农村人力资本数量上的供过于求和质量上的供不应求。其结果是 ,一方面导致农业对新的生产要素的需求不足 ,另一方面导致农民对新的生产要素的接受和应用能力低 ,从而阻碍了我国传统农业改造为现代农业的进程。我国要实现农业现代化必须首先实现农村人力资本从非均衡到均衡的转变 ,其基本途径有两条 :一是控制和降低农村人力资本的数量 (即控制增量 ,降低存量 ) 。

The paper analyzed the inbalance feature between supply and demand of rural human capital and its effect on agricultural modernization. It was concluded that it is inbalanced in supply and demand of rural human capital, that is ,its supply is much more than its demand in quantity, and its supply is much less than its demand in quality.It resulted in inadquate demand of agriculture for new production factors and low ability for peasants to accept and use new production factors. It is key obstable for our country to change traditional agriculture into modern agriculture.Therefore,in order to make agricultural modernization come into true, we must make it from inbalanced to balanced. The two basic ways are:① control and reduce the quantity of rural human capital;②improve its quality.