沿江地区多熟制春玉米覆膜移栽种植高产特性的研究

Study on High-yield Characteristics of Multi-cropping Transplanted Spring Maize with Plastic Film Mulching along the Bank of the Changjiang River Region

以“苏玉 9号”为试材 ,研究了多熟制春玉米覆膜移栽的产量特性。结果表明 :覆膜移栽具有比露地移栽及覆膜直播显著的增产效应 ;在密度 8.841 1× 1 0 4 株 /hm2 时获得最高产量 81 1 8.1 5 kg/hm2 ;密度每增加 1万株 /hm2 ,其单株花丝数降低 9.1 4条 ,每穗粒数减少 1 9.2 2个 ,每 hm2的花丝数增 4.82× 1 0 6万条、粒数增 2 .1 7× 1 0 6 万个 ;适宜的种植密度为 8.0 1 80× 1 0 4 ～ 9.6642× 1 0 4 株 /hm2 ,相应的适宜 LAI在吐丝期为 4.48～ 5 .0 5、成熟期为 2 .5 2～ 2 .5 5 ,适宜的潜在库容量 (花丝数 )为 44.62× 1 0 6～ 5 2 .5 5× 1 0 6条 /hm2、实际库容量(粒数 )为 3 0 .3 0× 1 0 6 ～ 3 3 .87× 1 0 6 粒 /hm2 。

Suyu 9 maize variety was selected to analysis the yield characteristics of transplanted spring maize with plastic film mulching.The results showed that the yield of transplanted spring maize with plastic film mulching were markedly increased than that of outdoor transplantation and direct sowing with plastic film;Density experimental results showed that the highest yield was 8 118 15 kg/hm 2 under 8 8411×10 4 plants/hm 2.When density increased by 10 000 plants/hm 2,the silk number per plant decreased by 9 14 pieces and grain number per ear decreased by 19 22 kernel, the silk number per 1 hm 2 increased 4 82×10 6 pieces and grain number per 1 hm 2 increased by 2 17×10 6 kernel;Optimum plant densities was 8 0180×10 4～9 6642×10 4 plants/hm 2,LAI was 4 48～5 05 at silking stage and 2 52～2 55 at maturing,potential sink capacity was 44 62×10 6～52 55×10 6 pieces/hm 2 and the actual sink capacity was 30 30×10 6～33 87×10 6 kernel/hm 2.