模糊数学在机械设备故障诊断中的应用

Applications of Fuzzy Mathematics to Mechanical Fault Diagnosis

通常 ,机械故障诊断是基于概率论的。然而 ,在机械故障诊断中模糊性是固有的 ,其主要表现在两个方面 :一是设备状态从正常到异常都有一个渐变过程 ,而结构的“完好”与“失效”之间往往不存在清晰的界限 ;二是故障原因与相应的症状之间往往没有明确的规律可循。为此 ,本文在简要介绍了机械故障诊断的基本概念及其随机性和模糊性后 ,给出了模糊诊断的具体方法 ,并通过一个故障诊断实例 ,说明故障诊断数学化的可行性 ,为计算机辅助故障诊断 ,缩短诊断时间 ,提高准确性 ,提供了一条可行的途径。

Generally,probability theory is used in mechanical fault diagnosis.However,fuzziness is inherent in mechanical fault diagnosis.The fuzzy performance is based on two aspects:the process of the equipment's state from normal to abnormal is gradual,and the transition from safety state to failure state is not sharp;the reason for the fault and its symptom is not regular.Thus,in this paper,on presenting the basic concepts of mechanical fault diagnosis,its randomness and fuzziness are introduced,and the concrete methods of trouble diagnosis are presented.The example diagnosis shows that the mathematical treatment of mechanical fault diagnosis is feasible.It paves a way to computer aided fault computer,which can reduce the time for fault diafhesis and raise the accuracy of fault diagnosis.