二维及三维超声评价胎儿畸形的对比研究

A comparative study between two-and three-dimensional ultrasonography in evaluating fetal malformations

目的 探讨二维及三维超声评价胎儿畸形的优劣。方法 二维及三维超声检查 40例合并胎儿畸形的孕妇 ,比较两者对胎儿畸形的诊断水平 ,并评估两者提供的诊断信息有无差别。结果 ① 40例孕妇 41个胎儿中 ,经引产和随访共发现胎儿畸形 62处。二维超声能肯定诊断并与引产及追踪随访结果相符的有 49处 (79.0 % ) ,三维超声则为 5 8处 (93 .5 % ) ,两者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。②三维超声检出的 5 8处胎儿畸形中 ,3 5例 (60 .3 % )三维超声可提供更丰富诊断信息 ,特别在评价胎儿颅面部、脊柱四肢及体表的畸形时优于二维超声的比例 ,分别达到 69.2 %、10 0 %、83 .3 %。结论 三维超声在评价胎儿畸形时诊断水平较二维超声明显提高 ,可提供更多的诊断信息 。

Objective To assess the difference between two dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS) and three dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) in evaluating fetal malformations.Methods Both 2DUS and 3DUS were used to examine 40 pregnant women with fetal malformations. The diagnostic levels of 2DUS and 3DUS were compared, and the diagnostic information provided by the two methods was evaluated.Results ①Sixty two malformations were discovered by induced labor and follow up in 41 fetuses of 40 pregnant women. In 49 malformations ( 79.0 %), 2DUS made the affirmative diagnoses in accordance with the results, however, 3DUS, 58 malformations ( 93.5 %). The difference between them was statistically significant (P< 0.05 ). ② In 35 ( 60.3 %) of 58 malformations discovered by 3DUS,3DUS provided more diagnostic information than 2DUS. 3DUS had particular advantages over 2DUS in evaluating the fetal malformations of cranium face, spine extremity, and body surface, with a speriority rate of 69.2 %, 100%, and 83.3 %, respectively.Conclusions The diagnostic level of 3DUS is higher than that of 2DUS, and 3DUS provides more diagnostic information in evaluating fetal malformations. Therefore, 3DUS has practical clinical value in prenatal diagnosis.