高粱体胚发生的组织细胞学观察

Histocytological observation of somatic embryogenesis in Sorghum bicolor

以Sb33高粱非胚性、胚性愈伤组织和体胚为材料,用传统石蜡切片法对各组织材料进行组织化学染色,对高粱胚性与非胚性愈伤组织以及体胚进行组织细胞学观察。结果表明:高粱非胚性愈伤组织无淀粉粒积累,高粱胚性愈伤组织淀粉粒积累较多,而与胚性愈伤组织相比,高粱体胚淀粉粒积累更多,这说明淀粉粒的积累与高粱体细胞的胚胎发生密切相关。此外,高粱可通过鱼雷胚基部产生球形胚的方式实现体胚的增殖,高粱离体再生途径以体细胞胚发生为主,并同时存在少量器官发生途径。在高粱体细胞胚胎发生中,外起源和内起源同时存在。本研究为高粱体细胞胚胎发生提供细胞学理论基础。

In this study,the non-embryonic callus,embryogenic callus and somatic embryos of Sb33 sorghum as materials were used,and paraffin method was applied for morphological and histological observation of different kinds of materials to study their histopathological differences.The results showed that the sorghum non-embryonic callus has no starch granule accumulation,the sorghum embryogenic callus accumulates more starch granules,while the sorghum somatic embryo starch granules accumulate more than the embryogenic callus.It indicates that the accumulation of starch granules is closely related to the somatic embryogenesis of sorghum.In addition,sorghum globular embryos can be produced at the base of the torpedo embryo,which will achieve the proliferation of somatic embryos.The sorghum in vitro regeneration pathway is dominated by somatic embryogenesis and a small number of organogenesis pathways exist simultaneously.In sorghum somatic embryogenesis,both external and internal origins exist simultaneously.This study provides a theoretical basis of cytology for somatic embryogenesis in sorghum.