社会失范理论视角下的也门部落与国家关系

The Tribe-State Relationship in Yemen from the Perspective of Social Anomie Theory

也门内战持续至今,社会失范状态已成为也门政治危机的重要表征。造成也门社会失范的根本原因在于现代国家无法有效整合传统部落社会,在政治层面表现为部落坚持自治和分权同中央政府集权化要求之间的对抗;经济层面表现为传统经济体系及管理方式与市场经济体系的并存与融合不足;文化层面则表现为部落认同与现代民族国家认同之间的矛盾。厘清部落社会与国家之间的互动关系不仅是对也门现代国家构建失败教训的总结,对也门化解政治危机、实现国家重建同样具有重要的借鉴意义。

The current political crisis is a reflection of long-term social anomie in Yemen.The root cause of the social anomie in Yemen is that the modern country cannot effectively integrate traditional tribal societies,w hich could be manifested in the confrontations betw een tribes’autonomy and decentralization requirements and the central government’s centralized requirements politically,in the coexistence and insufficient integration of traditional economic systems and management methods and market economic systems economically,and in the contradiction betw een tribal identity and modern national identity culturally.Clarifying the interaction betw een tribal society and the state is not only a summary of the failure lessons of modern country construction in Yemen,but also an important significance for the resolution of political crisis and the realization of national reconstruction.