巴勒斯坦解放组织的变迁:以组织结构的变化为视角

Transition of the Palestine Liberation Organization: The Perspective of Its Shifting Organizational Structure

巴勒斯坦解放组织的组织结构一直处于发展变化中,主要体现在目标体系、部门体系和权力体系三个层面。在目标体系层面,巴解组织已从侧重单一目标的组织转变为复合型目标组织;在部门体系层面,巴解组织建立了三权分立的部门框架;在权力体系层面,巴解组织的权力已从集中转向分散。从长期来看,巴解组织的组织结构变化对其成长有积极作用,有助于巴勒斯坦民主政治的发展。但在巴勒斯坦被占领的特殊环境下,决策民主化、内部权力相互制衡的巴解组织仍面临多重掣肘,难以集中政治资源,其在巴勒斯坦民众中的影响力及在巴以谈判中的作用已大不如前。不仅如此,过于庞大的部门体系与错综复杂的内部矛盾也使巴解组织面临分裂的隐患。

The organizational structure of the Palestine Liberation Organization(PLO)has been developed,which can be explained at three levels:the objective system,the departmental system and the power system.That means the PLO has transformed from an organization that focuses on a single goal to a composite-targeted organization,has established a separate departmental framework for the separation of powers and has shifted its power from concentration to dispersion.In the long run,the transition of the PLO’s organizational structure has a positive effect.However,the PLO still faces multiple constraints and becomes difficult to concentrate political resources,which will undermine its influence in Palestinian people and its role in Palestinian-Israeli negotiations.The overly large organizational system and the intricate internal contradictions also have hidden dangers of division of the PLO.