论我国沉默权制度确立的必要性

The necessity of establishing the right to silence in our country

刑事沉默权 ,是指刑事诉讼中 ,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人所享有的 ,可以对司法人员的讯问保持沉默 ,而不自证其罪的权利。它起源于英国 ,后逐渐被世界多数国家和许多国际性法律文件所接受。其道德基础在于沉默权属于言论自由的范畴 ,以及应将犯罪嫌疑人、被告人作为平等的社会主体来对待。我国确立沉默权制度的必要性有四 :一是有助于抑制并消除警察暴力 ;二是可以加强犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的防御力量 ;三是它加强了控诉方的举证责任 ;

The right to silence is the right that the suspects and defendants enjoy when facing the judiciary's interrogations ,when they cannot verity his or her crimes during the criminal litigations . This system originated from England, then was accepted gradually by most of countries and many international law documents . Its ethical foundation lies in that the right to silence reside in the freedom of speech, and what's more, we should treat the suspects and defendants as the equal social subject. Today ,our country shoald establish the system ,there are four essentialities : (1) It's conducive to restrain the police violence and to eliminate it . (2)It can strengthen the defence power of the suspects and the defendants.(3) It strengthens accusators' obligation , and(4) it is the inevitable requirement of innocent inference .