对我国基因保护的几点法律思考

Reflections on the Legal Protection of Gene in China

飞速发展的基因技术引发了政治、经济、伦理等诸多社会问题,基因将成为21世纪许多重大国际问题的发源之处。本文正是立足于基因在21世纪的重大战略意义,提出对基因的法律保护应从基因资源和基因技术两方面入手。对于基因技术的法律保护问题,本文认为不应拘泥于现有的专利法保护,而应创设一种新的知识产权——基因专有权,以区别于专利权。这对广大发展中国家来说尤为必要,只有如此,才能逃脱由发达国家制定的规则对自己保护基因资源、发展基因技术的束缚。为此,加强基因保护的国际合作已成为广大发展中国家的重大课题之一。

A variety of issues concerning politics, economy, and ethics has emerged with the fast development of gene technology. In the 21st century,gene will evolve into the origin of many internationally focused issues. Based on the importance of gene in the 21st century, the author thinks that the issue of gene protection by law should be handled from the perspective of gene resources and gene technology. Globally, there is still no common agreement on the issue of gene protection by law. It is necessary for us to establish a new exclusive right of gene instead of constraining to existing patent law. It is significantly important for the developing countries to establish exclusive law of gene. Only in this way, should the developing countries break away from the bound inflicted by developed countries.