玉米丝黑穗病原菌侵染的一些细胞学研究

A CYTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE INFECTION OF CORN HEAD SMUT

在玉米生育早期,以幼芽鞘为材料,对11个抗病性不同的自交系进行了研究。玉米丝黑穗病原菌[Sphacelotheca reiliana(Kuhn)Clint var.zeae Pass]可在玉米幼芽鞘内表皮上生长和繁殖;其侵染菌丝可直接侵入表皮细胞或通过气孔进入寄主体内。菌丝的侵入诱导了芽鞘内表皮细胞的细胞壁、细胞质和细胞膜特性的异常变化;抗性不同的自交系对病原菌侵入的反应不同,揭示了在生育早期玉米芽鞘细胞就表现了其固有的抗病性。

In the early stage of corn growth, the coleoptiles of 11 self-bred lines with different resistance to head smut were studied. It was found that the winter spores of the pathogen [Sphacelotheca reiliana (Kuhn.) Clint. var. zeae Fass] germinated with promycelia which grew and reproduced along the inner epidermal tissue of coleoptile and then mycelia penetrated into coleoptile tissue through stomata or directly through epidermal cells and then grew and extended in it. The abnormality of the cell wall, cytoplasm and the cell membrane of the inner ep(?)derm of coleoptile were induced. The response of the self-bred lines of different resistance to the head smut disease was different. It was revealed that the coleoptile cells showed their resistance to head smut infection at the early stage of corn growth. Two methods of determining the disease resistance for inbred lines are recommen ded.