费尔巴哈的唯物主义在何种意义上属于旧唯物主义

In What Aspect Does Feuerbach's Materialism Belong to the Old Materialism

科学地回答“费尔巴哈的唯物主义在何种意义上属于旧唯物主义”的问题 ,不仅对于恢复费尔巴哈哲学的本来面目具有一般哲学史研究的意义 ,而且对重新认识马克思主义哲学变革的实质具有重大意义。本文推翻了一个传统的认识 :费尔巴哈的唯物主义因其是形而上学的而归属于旧唯物主义。指出费尔巴哈的唯物主义并不是形而上学的唯物主义而是辩证的唯物主义 ;费尔巴哈唯物主义的根本缺陷不在其“形而上学性”而在于其“直观性”。因而 ,马克思主义哲学变革的深刻本质 ,不是克服费尔巴哈唯物主义的“形而上学性”而创立辩证的唯物主义 ,而是在于克服其直观性 ,创立从实践出发的实践唯物主义 。

The paper puts forward a question for further following up: In what aspect does Feuerbachs materialism belong to old materialism? A scientific answer to this question possesses not only a general significance of philosophical study to restore the original nature of Feuerbachs philosophy,but also a great importance to re understand the nature of the Marxist philosophical transformation. The paper turns down a traditional recognition,that is Feuerbachs materialism is the old materialism because of it metaphysics.Based on Feuerbachs philosophical facts,the paper suggests that Feuerbachs materialism is not metaphysical materialism,but dialectical materialism,and the fundamental drawbacks of Feuerbachs materialism dont lie in “its metaphysics”,but lie in “its intuitiveness”. Therefore,the profound nature of Marxist philosophical transformation is that dialectical materialism was founded not by overcoming Feuerbachs materialistic metaphysics but by Feuerbachs materialistic intuitiveness,Marxist practical materialism was founded on the basis of practice,and historical materialism was founded on peoples historical existence.