光质对黄瓜及番茄愈伤组织培养中分化和有关酶的影响

Effects of Light Quality on Differentiation and Its Related Enzymes in Callus Culture of Cucumber and Tomato

黄瓜及番茄愈伤组织培养过程中的分化和生理生化过程明显地受到光质处理的影响,它们的过氧化物酶(POD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)的活性变化与组织及器官的分化都有一定的相关性。黄瓜愈伤组织培养中POD及PAL的第3个活性峰的出现与芽的分化一致,红光与绿光抑制黄瓜愈伤组织培养中芽的分化,不出现第3个活性峰。两种材料培养后培养物的生物重量在不同光质下也有明显差异,但含水率之间无差异。

Light quality has a marked effect on differentiation and physiological and biochemical process of cultured cucumber and tomato calluses. Activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL) were examined during the culture of cucumber and tomato under white, blue, yellow, red and green lights and in the dark. The results indicated that the changes of activities of these enzymes were positively correlated to the differentiation of tissue and organ in culture process. The first peaks of POD and PAL activities were related to the mechanical damage due to cutting, the second ones were related to tracheary-element differentiation, and the third ones under white, blue, and yellow lights and in the dark were related to the differentiation of buds in cucumber callus cultures. Red and green lights inhibited bud formation, and no third peak was seen. So peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase can be considered to be marker enzymes of tissue and organ differentiation in cucumber and tomato. Light quality also affected the biomass of the cultured calluses of the two plants during culture.