组织工程化人工神经实验研究

Experimental study of a tissue-engineered bioartificial nerve graft

目的 研究组织工程化人工神经修复大鼠2.5cm长坐骨神经缺损的效果。方法 21只2月龄Lewis lw雌性大鼠随机分成三个神经移植组,每组7只。A组:种植同源雪旺细胞并具有内部支架结构的胶原神经管,即组织工程化人工神经。B组:无雪旺细胞但具有内部支架结构的胶原神经管。C组:自体神经移植组。术后六个月,进行系列神经电生理监测,神经肌肉组织学观察,S-100和神经微丝蛋白(Neurofilament)免疫组化染色,轴突计数等检查。结果 在A组和C组移植神经上均能诱发出波幅明显的神经肌肉复合动作电位(CMAP),再生轴突已通过移植神经全长,远端肌肉轻度萎缩。而B组中没有或仅记录到极小波幅的CMAP,移植神经远端结缔纤维组织增生,再生轴突罕见,所支配肌肉明显萎缩。结论 初步结果显示:组织工程化人工神经可用来修复大鼠长段神经缺损。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a tissue - engineered artificial nerve on bridging a 2. 5c -long sciatic nerve defect. Methods 21 Lewis 1W female rats aged 2 months were randomly divided into three groups of nerve grafting, with 7 rats in each group. A group: collagen nerve tubes with an intrinsic framework were seeded with syngeneic Schwann cells, which were referred as tissue - engineered artificial nerves; B group: collagen nerve tubes were filled with an intrinsic framework only; C group: autografts. Six months later, a series of examinations were performed, including: electrophysiological methods, hisotological staining of nerves and muscles, S - 100 and Neurofilament immunostaining and axon counts. Results A significant compound muscle action potential (CMAP) was evoked in every nerve graft of A and C groups. Regenerating axons were observed in the whole length of nerve grafts, with mild atrophy of their innervated muscles. On the contrary, no or only a tiny CMAP was recorded in B group. The distal parts of nerve grafts were fdled with fibrotic tissue, while regenerating axons were rarely seen. There was a significant atrophy occurred in the related muscles. Conclusions Our preliminary results demonstrated that the tissue - engineered artificial nerve could effectively repair a long nerve defect in rats.