冬小麦原生质体培养及植株再生

PROTOPLAST CULTURE AND PLANT REGENERATION OF WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

利用冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)新品种'京花1号'的花药和'有芒白7号'的成熟胚分别诱导出胚性愈伤组织,建立了悬浮细胞系。从悬浮细胞分离的原生质体在WPMI培养基上培养1天再生细胞壁并于2—3天内开始分裂;7天和14天统计的分裂频率分别达22.0%和43.7%;10—15天出现大量细胞团,植板率为0.5—0.8%。4周后,原生质体再生的愈伤组织已长至1mm或以上大小,在分化培养基上通过胚胎发生和器官发生分别再生出完整的绿色植株。从'京花1号'原生质体培养已获得再生植株,从'有芒白7号'原生质体已得到了再生愈伤组织,器官分化实验正在进行中。

Suspension cultures were established from embryogenic calli derived from cultured anthers of cv.Jinghua No.1 and mature embryos of cv.Youmangbai No.7,respectively.After being isolated and cultured in WPMI,protoplasts began to form cell walls within 1 day post-isolation, followed by cell division observed between 2-3 days.A division frequency of 22.0% was estimated on the 7th day of culture,and 43.7% on the 14th day.During 10-15 days after the initiation of culture,a large number of cell aggregates emerged,with 0.5-0.8% of plating efficiency.Protoplast-derived calli grew up to 1mm or more in diameter when cultured for 4 weeks,and eventually gave rise to green plants through embryogenesis and organogenesis after being transferred to differentiation media.Plant regeneration from protoplasts was already obtained from Jinghua No.1,and protoplast-derived calli from Youmangbai No.7;an experiment on organ differentiation for the latter is under way.A few factors affecting the protoplast cultures were also studied.