中国堇菜科小志(二)——堇菜属植物细胞学的初步研究

NOTES ON THE CHINESE VIOLACEAE (Ⅱ)——CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SOME VIOLETS OF CHINA

本文报道了国产堇菜属9种植物的染色体数目,其中5种为染色体计数新纪录。结果表明,该属植物的染色体数目与柱头形态之间具有明显的相关性,它们在属下各类群内是一致的,而在各类群间则存在明显的差异,支持了多数学者根据柱头形态特征所做的属下类群的分类处理。V.kunawarensisRoyle的染色体计数结果2n=20,充分说明根据柱头形态把该种从Sect.Adnatae(W.Beck.)C.J.Wang移到Sect.Trigonocarpae Godr.是正确的。

The present paper reports the mitotic chromosome numbers of 9 speciesof the genus Viola in China, of which 5 species are new records. The res-ults are as follows: V. biflora L. 2n=12; V. kunawarensis Royle 2n=20; V.prionantha Bunge 2n=48; V. tenuicornis W. Bckr. 2n=24; V. monbeigii W.Bckr. 2n=24; V. inconspicua B1. 2n=24; V. bulbosa Maxim. 2n=24; V. di-ssecta Ledeb. 2n=24; V. chaerophylloides (Regel) W. Bckr. 2n=24. The chromosome numbers of these species correlate with the shapes oftheir stigma. The chromosome numbers of several species in Sect. Adnataeare 2n=24, only V. prionantha Bunge is 2n=48. V. kunawarcnsis Roylc whichwas located in Sect. Adnalae in the Past time has a convex style withoutmargin. Its chromosome number 2n=20 is not identical with Sect.AdnalaeJuz., too. The authors think that this species should belong to Soct. Tri-gonocarpae Godr. rather than Sect. Adnatae J. Sect. Pinnala (W. Bckr.)C. J. Wang has the same numbers as Sect. Adnatae.