中国北方杂交粳稻发展现状与前景

Developing Status and Prospect of Hybrid Japonica Rice in Northern China

分析了中国北方发展杂交稻的必要性。通过对目前北方杂交粳稻科研、生产中所取得成果及存在问题的分析认为 :①丰富不育系类型 ,改善其生理特性 ;②降低两用系育性转换温度 ,在北方开发高温敏反向不育系 ;③选育形态倾籼、特异亲粳的高配合力强恢复系 ;④揭示杂交粳稻自身生理特性 ,开发相应的栽培技术 ;⑤注重杂交稻的生态效益这5个方面是北方杂交粳稻逐渐发展壮大的有力技术支持。

The necessary of developing hybrid rice in northern China was analyzed.Through the background and current status of research of hybrid rice in northern China, the achievements and concerning problems in practice, the authors put forward five respects abvout the techniques in developing hybrid japonica rice in northern China. ① enriching the type of sterile lines, increasing the physiological characters; ② lowing the critical sterility-inducing temperature, the exploitation of high TGMS-lines in northern China; ③ the breeding of strong restorer lines with characters of indicaclinous morphology, wide copatibility with japonica rice; ④ the disclosing of physiological characters of hybrid japonica rice,the exploitation of corresponding cultivation techniques; ⑤ the ecological profits of developing hybrid japonica rice. The five respects were the technique propellents in developing hybrid japonica rice in northern China.