赫胥黎与威尔伯福斯之争

The Encounter between Thomas and the Bishop Wilberforce

本文通过将赫胥黎与威尔伯福斯之争置于当时英国科学职业化初期的历史背景下进行综合考察 ,认为广为流传的赫胥黎“英雄故事”很可能是一种社会建构的产物 ,那场争论的性质也主要不是科学与宗教之间的冲突 ,而是不同科学“范式”之间的竞争 ,是科学职业化背景下不同社会团体之间利益冲突的体现。

The encounter between Thomas Huxley and the Bishop Wilberforce was probably a kind of social image reconstructed by the Darwinians in Victorian age.If one reconsiders it in the context of scientific professionalization,he will find that it would be mainly the conflict between professional scientists and naturalist gentlemen other than the conflict between science and religion because Wilberforce's criticism was primarily in a scientific way.In addition,there is no any obvious evidence to show that Huxley had won the debate scientifically.