咪唑安定复合氯胺酮作为基础麻醉的临床观察

Midazolam intranasal drop combined ketamine intramuscular injection as children basic anesthesia

目的:研究鼻腔滴入咪唑安定复合肌肉注射氯胺酮作为小儿基础麻醉的可行性。方法:30例择期小儿手术（ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级）,随机分为2组（每组15例）。Ⅰ组,肌肉注射氯胺酮6mg/kg;Ⅱ组,鼻腔滴入咪唑安定0.2mg/kg加肌肉注射氯胺酮4mg/kg。观察两组诱导效果、呼吸循环变化及其不良反应。结果:Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组相比,起效更快,术中不良反应发生率更低（P<0.01）,小儿更为合作（P<0.05）,而麻醉诱导效果无明显差异（P>0.05）。结论:鼻腔滴入咪唑安定复合肌肉泣射氯胺酮作为小儿基础麻醉要优于单纯肌肉注射氯胺酮。

Objective: It is to investigate the possibility of midazolam intranasal drop combined with ketamine intramuscular injection as children basic anesthesia. Methods: Thirty children were scheduled (ASA grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ ) and were randomly and averagely divided into two groups. Group I were treated with ketamine 6 mg/kg intramuscular injection. Group II were treated with midazolam intranasal drop 0.2mg/kg and ketamine 4mg/kg intramuscular injection. The efficacy of anesthesia preinduction, respiratory and hemodynamic changes and side-effect of the two groups were observed. Results: Compared with group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ experienced faster in taking effect and had fewer side- effect (P<0.01). These children in group Ⅱ could cooperate better than that in group Ⅰ. However, the efficacy of anesthesia preinduction had no significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: As children basic anesthesia, midazolam intranasal drop combined with ketamine intramuscular injection is better than ketamine intramuscular injection alone.