在位分散聚合制备聚苯乙烯/凹凸棒土复合材料

Preparation of Polystyrene/Attapulgite Nanocomposites via in Situ Polymerization

采用超声分散处理凹凸棒土 ,分别采用季胺盐表面活性剂 (A)和硅烷偶联剂 (B)对其进行表面修饰 ,采用原位聚合的方法制备出聚苯乙烯 /凹凸棒土复合材料。利用SEM、TEM、DMA等测试手段比较两种处理方法得到的复合材料的性能。结果表明 :通过超声分散的方法可以得到凹凸棒土纳米级微粒子。硅烷偶联剂在凹凸棒土棒晶的表面形成了柔性的界面层。硅烷处理在一定程度上可以达到增强增韧的作用。季胺盐处理可以中和凹凸棒土表面的Lewis酸 ,避免了低聚物的生成。

The composite of polystyrene attapulgite was prepared via in situ polymerization.The attapulgite particles were firstly treated by ultrasound to generate nanoattapulgite particles,then modified by silane coupling agent and cationic surfactants.The morphology and structure of treated attapulgite were characterized by means of TEM,XPS,FTIR and the corresponding nanocomposites were investigated by TEM,FTIR,DMA.From TEM observation,it was found that after treatment with ultrasound the attapulgite crystal bundles are crushed into crystal needles,generating attapulgite nanoparticles.FTIR and XPS analysis showed that PS grafted on the crystal needles through copolymerization with the silane immobilized on the nano attapulgite particles.This method presents a novel polystyrene/ attapulgite nanocomposites.The mechanical, thermal and rheological properties of the composites were investigated and compared with polystyrene.The results revealed that the contents of attapulgite have great effect on the thermal and mechanical properties.Cationic surfactants treatment can decrease the formation of Lewis acid generated on the surface of attapulgite and thus elevated the properties of the composite.