贵州喀斯特库区的景观特征与旅游开发体制研究

A STUDY OF SCENERY CHARACTERISTICS AND TOURIST EXPLOITING SYSTEM IN THE KARST RESERVOIR AREAS, GUIZHOU PROVINCE

喀斯特库区是一种特殊的自然与人文生态景观系统 ,它既是喀斯特地貌和水域共同构成的封闭或半封闭的水陆嵌套生态系统 ,又是特殊的水利工程。作为水陆嵌套生态系统 ,喀斯特库区类型多样 ,并具有封闭性与不便捷性、异质性、稳定性与脆弱性等特征 ;作为水利系统 ,喀斯特库区管理权属复杂 ,旅游开发明显受环境与功能的限制 ,库区景观具有多样性与雷同性、水利工程构景的科学性与美学观赏的独特性等。为此 ,喀斯特库区旅游开发应采取建立在相关利益分析基础上的综合开发模式 ,突出科技投入与绿色经营理念 ,建立库区旅游资源开发预警系统和生态环境监测站 ;设置完善的旅游解说系统 ;大力开发生态旅游产品 ,创建环保型旅游库区。在经营管理体制与运作方面 ,建议成立库区旅游产业委员会、旅游开发公司和旅游开发研究与咨询中心。

Tourism in karst reservoir areas plays an important part in the economics in Guizhou. The karst reservoir areas are not only the isolated system inlaid with water and land, enclosed or half enclosed, which is constructed by the karst landform and water region, but also a special water conservancy project. As the isolated system inlaid with water and land, the karst reservoir areas indicate various styles, and possess many features as follows: closeness, inconvenience, stability and fragility. As a water conservancy system, the ownership of the reservoir areas is just intricate, and hence the tourism exploitation will be obviously limited because of environment and function. So, we think that we should adopt comprehensive exploiting model built on the basis of the analyzing of relative advantages, attaching importance to science and technique investment, likewise, emphasizing the concept of ecological management, and setting up the pre alarm system of tourism resource's exploiting and eco environmental supervision station, instituting a consummate descriptive and explanation system; at the same time, we have to exploit deeply and extensively the eco tourism products, and construct environmental protecting style tourism areas. In the course of conducting the management system and execution, it suggests that we should establish a tourism industrial zone committee, tourism exploitation company and the research center for tourism.