试论儒家思想对白族本主文化的影响

Influences of Confucian ideas on the folk religious culture of the Bai people

本主崇拜是白族的一种民族民间宗教信仰 ,其产生、形成的历史己非常久远 ,它和白族的历史文化、艺术、哲学、村社生活、民族意识等密切相联。形成了一种具有农耕文化特征的 ,以村社和水系为纽带的民间宗教文化———自族本主文化。其核心是保万民平安、六畜兴旺、五谷丰登。白族本主文化与白族其它文化一样 ,是一种多元的开放性文化 ,早在唐南诏时期 ,南王室即“不读非圣之书 ,尝学字人之术……阐三教 (儒、佛、道 )” ,① 儒、道、佛在白族地区有着重大影响。本文试就白族本主文化与儒家思想的关系作粗略探析 ,试由此出发揭示儒家思想的现代意义。

The worship of the folk religion is a folk religious culture of the Bai people, and it is closely related with the history, art, philosophy, country life and national consciousness of the Bai people. The folk religious culture aims at expressing a wish for the Bai people safe and sound, the prosperity of the six domestic animals (pig, ox, goat, horse, fowl and dog) and the good harvest of the five cereals (rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans). Just like the other cultures of the Bai people, and the folk religious culture has important influences in the areas where the Bai people live. The paper first gives an elementary analysis to the relationship between the folk religious culture of the Bai people and Confucian ideas, and then points out the contemporary significance of Confucian ideas.