茄科马尿泡和天仙子的花器官发生(英文)

Floral Organogenesis and Development of Two Taxa in Tribe Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae)-Przewalskia tangutica and Hyoscyamus niger

利用扫描电镜研究了茄科 (Solanaceae)天仙子族 (Hyoscyameae)中国特有属马尿泡属 (PrzewalskiaMaxim .)马尿泡 (PrzewalskiatanguticaMaxim .)和天仙子属 (HyoscyamusL .)天仙子 (HyoscyamusnigerL .)的花器官发生和发育 ,研究结果表明 :马尿泡和天仙子花器官的发生和发育具有以下 3个共同特征 :1)符合Hofmeister规律 ,即新器官的发生首先出现在花顶已经存在的器官之间 ;2 )花冠的发育模式符合茄科植物所具有的“后合瓣”(“latesympetaly”)现象 ,即花瓣单独发生但后来又通过它们基部分生组织的融合而连合起来 ;3)花被五基数且花器官原基发生顺序为向心发育。但是它们的花萼原基具有不同的发生方式。天仙子花萼裂片原基的发生方式为环状发生 ;马尿泡花萼裂片原基的发生方式为螺旋状发生 ,但 5个花萼裂片原基在都出现后就连成了一个环。马尿泡是介于天仙子属和山莨菪属之间的类群 ,它比天仙子属原始但较山莨菪属进化。

Floral organogenesis and development of Przewalskia tangutica Maxim. endemic to China and Hyoscyamus niger L., which belong to the tribe Hyoscyameae (Solanaceae), were studied using scanning electron microscope. They have three common characters of floral organ initiation and development: 1) initiation of the floral organs in the two species follows Hofmeister's rule; 2) the mode of corolla tube development belongs to the 'late sympetaly' type; 3) primordia of the floral appendages initiated in a pentamerous pattern and acropetal order. But initiation of the calyx-lobe primordia showed different modes in these two species. The calyx-lobe primordia of H. niger have simultaneously whorled initiation, while those of P. tangutica have helical initiation, but the five calyx-lobe primordia form a ring after all five calyx-lobe primordia occur. The systematic significance of the present results in the genera Hyoscyamus and Przewalskia is discussed in this paper.