外源DNA导入小麦的RAPD验证及遗传分析

Identification of dwarf variants of wheat by RAPD method and their genetic analysis

将外源 DNA特别是牛胸腺 DNA转移给普通小麦 ,对在其后代中选育出的矮杆变异体进行了 RAPD分子验证及其遗传学分析研究 ,获得了 3个主要结果 :1对变异体 D111、受体81 45 2 7、供体矮孟牛 型进行的 RAPD验证中 ,通过 1 37个引物由 5个引物检测出了 DNA的多态性 ,表明矮秆变异体 D111的出现可能是供体的片段 DNA进入了受体并得到稳定遗传 ;2对变异体 D0 11、D14 53、受体 81 45 2 7、供体牛胸腺 DNA进行的 RAPD验证中 ,在供试的 1 80个引物中 ,变异体、受体扩增产物的带型绝大多数一致而与供体则完全不一致 ,其中有很少引物对变异体和受体扩增产物的带型表现不同 ,还有个别引物对变异体扩增产物的带型与供体的个别带一致。由此说明亲缘关系极远的牛胸腺 DNA导入受体引起的变异更为广泛和复杂 ;3 3个矮秆变异体的遗传分析表明 ,控制其株高的基因位于核基因组 ,在杂种后代中表现了明显降低株高的作用 ,其杂种后代的某些农艺性状也表现良好 ,因此 ,利用它们进行杂交育种或在杂种优势的利用上 。

Introducing exogenous DNA,especially Thymus DNA of calf,to common wheat,three dwarf variants were selected from progenies.It was firsrt time to identify the three dwarf variants by RAPD method and analyse them genetically.The main results are as follows:(1) In the indentification of variant D 111 ,receptor 814527 and donor 'Aimengniu I',by RAPD method,the polymorphisms of DNA were determined in 5 primers from 137 RAPD primers.The results showed that dwarf variant D 111 could be inherited stably by introducing donors fragment DNA to the wheat receptor.(2) In the identification of variant D 011 ,Variant D 1453 ,receptor 814527 and donor Thymus DNA of calf by RAPD method,the electrophoretic patterns of variants and receptors amplified products were identical,but totally different from donors in 180 RAPD primers.The electrophoretic patterns of variants and receptors amplified products appeared different in a few RAPD primers.Also individual primers electrohporetic patterns of variants amplified products were identical to individual patterns of donors.It was showed that the variance caused by introducing distant form of calf Thymus DNA to wheat was wide and complicated.(3) The genetic analysis of the three dwarf variants has been showed that the dwarf genes controlling plant height are located in the nucleic genome and can reduce the plant height significantly.The hybrid progenies of the three dwarf variants have some fine agronomic characters.Thus,they are useful dwarf sources in wheat breeding.