1952～1995年武汉市中小学生体格发育动态

The Trend of Physical Growth of School-age Children in Wuhan City from l952 to 1995

根据湖北省和武汉市有关部门和单位历年发布的学生体格发育资料 ,统计分析不同年代的中小学生体格发育水平和长期变化趋势 ;应用艾里斯曼 (Эрисмен)指数和勃洛克 (Ърок)指数分析其体型特点 ;并与日本学生的同类资料进行比较。结果显示 :男女学生的体格发育水平随年代进展而提高 ,在 195 2～ 1995年间 ,男生的身高、体重和胸围均值每 10年分别增长 2 .5 5 cm、 1.85 kg和 1.6 1cm;女生的相应指标每 10年分别增长 1.91cm、 0 .87kg和 1.2 1cm,由于体重和胸围的增长不如身高明显 ,以致其体型趋于“瘦长型”;武汉市学生的发育水平低于日本 ,尤以体重和胸围的差距甚大。提示 :儿童体格发育水平的提高 ,主要是外界环境因素作用的结果 。

The trend of physical growth of school age children in Wuhan city from l952 to 1995 and relative problems was explored.The data of physical growth of student from relative departments in Wuhan city, Hubei province were used to analyze the level of physical growth and secular change of growth in different years and the feature of physique by Эрисмен index and Ърок index. The data were compared with those in Japanese students. Results showed the level of physical growth, including male and female students,is getting higher by years. Between l952 to 1995,the mean height,weight and chest circumference were increased each decade by 2 55 cm,1 85 kg and 1 61 cm respectively in schoolboys and those were 1 91 cm, 0 87 kg and 1 21 cm in schoolgirls respectively. Because the increases of weight and chest circumference were not as obvious as that of height, the trend of physique was becoming slender. Compared with that of schoo1 age children in Japan,the level of physical growth of school age children in Wuhan city was lower, especially in weight and chest circumference.The increases of physical growth level maily owe ambient circumstance, and the most importance of them is nutrition and physical exercises.