新疆非碘盐食用户分布及其影响因素调查分析

Distribution of noniodized salt and related affecting factors in Xinjiang

目的 了解新疆非碘盐的主要来源及其影响因素。方法 按卫生部消除碘缺乏病国际合作项目技术指导中心制定的《居民用户碘盐监测试点研究方案》执行。结果 共入户调查 17973户居民 ,其中食用碘盐的 12 4 78户 ,占 6 9.4 % ;食用非碘盐的 5 4 95户 ,占 30 .5 % ;北疆地区调查 76 72户 ,其中食用碘盐 6 4 37户 ,占 83.9% ,食用非碘盐 12 35户 ,占 19.1% ;东疆地区调查 12 0 0户 ,其中食用碘盐 74 7户 ,占 6 2 .2 % ,食用非碘盐 4 5 3户 ,占 37.7% ;南疆地区调查 910 1户 ,其中食用碘盐 5 2 94户 ,占5 8.2 % ,食用非碘盐 380 7户 ,占 4 1.8% ,在不同地域环境中食用非碘盐的分布比例由多至少分别为南疆、东疆、北疆 ,差异有显著性 (χ2 =132 9.87,P <0 .0 1)。影响非碘盐来源的主要因素是流动盐商 (占5 7.4 % ) ,其次是自采土盐 (占 2 3.0 % ) ,在不同地区其来源途径有所不同 ,在南疆和东疆地区的来源以流动盐贩为主 ,在北疆地区以村办商店为主 ;居民购买食用碘盐的影响因素主要取决于居民对碘缺乏病知识的知晓状况和当地的经济状况。结论 新疆的碘缺乏病防治工作还存在诸如健康教育宣传、盐业市场管理、监督监测等方面的问题 。

Objective To find out the distribution of noniodized salt and related affecting factors in Xinjiang. Method Using NTTST's iodized salt inspection Plan. Results A total number of 17 973 house holds being surveyed in which 69.4 % of those used iodized salt and 30.5 % used noniodizd salt.In northern Xinjiang, 7 672 households being surveyed in which 83.9 % used iodized salt while in eastern Xinjiang 1 200 house holds being surveyed in which 62.2 % used iodized salt. In southern Xinjiang, 9 101 house holds being surveyed in which 58.2 % used iodized salt. Data showed a statistically significant difference (χ 2= 1 329.87 , P < 0.01 ). The noniodized salt comes from shop on wheels ( 57.4 %) and rock salt ( 23.0 %). The source of iodine was different in different areas. In eastern and southern Xinjiang it came from shop on wheels, while in northern Xinjiang came from retail sites. Factors related to the use of iodized salt were awareness about iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and income. Conclusion Programs on fighting against iodine deficiency in Xinjiang needs more attention, especially in the following aspects as publicity on IDD, administration of salt market and supervision system.