电化学超级电容器电极材料的研究进展

Progress of Research on Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

电化学超级电容器以其独特的大容量、大电流快速充放电和高的循环使用寿命等特点,受到世人的青睐,致使许多新型的电化学超级电容器电极材料相继被发现和应用.为进一步促进电化学超级电容器的发展,在综述了近年来出现的各种电化学超级电容器电极材料的基础上,提出按材料种类将其分为四大系列:碳材料系列、过渡金属氧化物系列、有机导电聚合物系列和其他系列.并就其各自的特点和性能进行了分析比较,得出了碳材料系列主要向高比表面积和可控微孔孔径方向发展和过渡金属氧化物系列主要向提高材料本身的利用率方向发展以及导电聚合物系列主要向无机、有机杂化方向发展的结论.

Electrochemical supercapacitors have been focused for their great capacitance, fast charging-discharging with big current, and very long cycle life since they were born. In recent years, with their applications in national security science technology, environmental reservation and so on, the studies or, them have become one of the hot spots in the strategic field. In this paper, the authors outlined the recent progress of research on electrode material for the electrochemical supercapacitors and classed them into four kinds: carbon materials series, transition metal oxides series, electronically conducting organic polymers series and others. At the same time, the authors analyzed the development orientations of the four kinds of electrode materials and brought out the research emphasis of the four kinds of electrochemical supercapacitors electrode materials in future.