色素性脉络膜黑素瘤动物模型建立的实验研究

Establishment of pigmental choroidal melanoma in rabbits

目的 建立兔色素性脉络膜黑素瘤动物模型 ,以供人类研究眼黑素瘤新的治疗方法。方法 4种黑素瘤细胞株 (B16F10 ,RPMI 184 6 ,OCM1andIIB)种植于 2 0 6只大白兔眼中以建立脉络膜黑素瘤 ,其中 172只动物注射环孢菌素A (Cyclosporine)进行免疫抑制 ,34只作为对照。肿瘤碎片 (或细胞悬液 )经巩膜种植于兔眼脉络膜下腔 ,用间接眼底镜、超声和眼底照像进行观察。结果 4种黑素瘤细胞生长各异 ,其中B16F10 和RPMI 184 6生长较快 ,典型肿瘤生长 3～ 4mm需 2～ 3周 ,OCM1和IIB生长缓慢。肿瘤生长的位置和形状与种植的肿瘤碎片或细胞悬液有密切关系。结论 兔色素性脉络膜黑素瘤的建立 ,将为人们研究眼黑素瘤新的治疗办法提供更适合的动物模型。

Objective Establishment of an animal model of pigmented choroidal melanoma is reported. This model is suitable for assessing therapeutic modalities involving photocoagulation or photodynamic therapy. Methods Four melanoma cell lines originally isolated from melanotic tumors (B 16 F 10 and RPMI1846 from murine, OCM1 and IIB from human) were used to establish choroidal melanomas in 206 rabbits; 172 rabbits were immunosuppressed with cyclosporine. Tumor cell suspensions or fragments impianted transclerally and examined with indirect ophthalmoscopy, ultrasound, and foundus photography. Results Characteristic growth patterns were noted for each cell line. Murine cell lines grow rapidly and typically and produced choroidal melanoma 3～4 mm in thickness within 2 weeks; human cell lines took an additional 10 days to reach the same thickness. Tumor shape varied depending on the source of implantation. Cell suspension usually produced a diffuse and flat tumor, and nodular tumors were obtained with tumor fragments. Cyclosporine dose should be judgd frequently. No tumor growth was observed in 34 rabbits not treated with cyclosporine. Conclusion As the majority of human uveal melanomas are pigmented, the present model offers a more suitable method for evaluating the role of newly developed phototherapy in the management of uveal melanoma.