西铭祭——回视张载对“仁道”的论证

The First Mister of Introduting “The Way of Benevolence” ——The Proveness of ZhangZai’s “The Way of Benevolence”

作为张载仁道唯物主义的哲学纲领 ,《西铭》力求从“天道”运行的角度给“民胞物与”论提供充分的论证 ,借以弥补孔门“仁道”只知“人”而不知“天”的缺憾。在这个意义上 ,张载是从唯物本体论层面“证明仁道第一人”。但是 ,《西铭》的论证在逻辑上很不严密 ,集中表现在它在人性与仁道之间生硬地加入了宗法家长模式 ,实际上形成了逻辑缺环。尽管如此 ,张载力图从唯物本体论层面给仁道主义提供论证的努力 ,至今功不可没 ,“新关学”应力求从唯物史观出发证成人道主义。

Contract:The book 'West Monurnent (XiMing)'is ZhangZai's main phylosophical thoughts of'Materialism with the Way of Benevolence,' which tries to prove' The Same between People and Things' systematically and profoundly, so as to delete Confucius's 'The Way of Benevolence' that knows 'Human' but unknows 'Heaven'. In this significance, ZhangZai is the first minister who proves the way of benevolence from Being of Materialism. But this proveness is rough in logic, such as religous and family from has been insert into human nature and the way of benevolence. Although there makes a mistake, ZhangZai's Proveness is valuble today. 'Neo-Guanism' should stress proving humanism from historical meterialism.