薯蓣皂苷元和黄山药总皂苷抗高脂血症作用比较

Comparative Study on Anti-Hypercholesterolemia Activity of Diosgenin and Total Saponin of Dioscorea panthaica

目的 :比较黄山药总皂苷 (TSDP)和薯蓣皂苷元 (Dio)抗高脂血症及对胆固醇吸收的抑制作用。方法 :在形成高胆固醇动物模型同时或之后ig或ip给予TSDP和Dio ,以血清总胆固醇含量评价TSDP和Dio对高脂血症的预防和治疗作用。将TSDP或Dio与胆固醇及离体猪胆汁温孵形成微胶粒 ,以未形成微胶粒的游离胆固醇含量评价TSDP与Dio抑制胆固醇吸收作用。结果 :给小鼠igTSDP和Dio ,Dio对高脂血症有明显预防和治疗作用 ,而TSDP只有大剂量才有一定预防作用。小鼠ip给予Dio仍然有效 ,TSDP无效。大鼠igDio的预防效果明显优于TSDP。Dio体外抑制胆固醇微胶粒形成作用明显强于TSDP。结论 :Dio抗高脂血症作用优于TSDP ,可能与其抑制胆固醇微胶粒形成和吸收抑制有关系。

Objective: To compare the anti hypercholesterolemic and cholesterol absorption inhibitory activities between total saponin of Dioscorea panthaica (TSDP) and diosgenin (Dio). Method: TSDP and Dio were given ig or ip to mice or rats treated with cholesterol feed to evaluate their preventive and therapeutic effect on hypercholesterolemia. TSDP or Dio and cholesterol were mixed with pig bile to form the micelle, then the freeing cholesterol was detected to evaluate inhibitory effect of the both compounds on cholesterol absorption. Result: Dio (80 and 160 mg·kg -1 ) showed significantly therapeutic and preventive effect on hypercholesterolemia in mice, while TSDP showed a certain preventive activity only at a big dose (400 mg · kg -1 ). The intraperitoneal injection of Dio (20 and 40 mg·kg -1 ) to mice suffered from hypercholesterolemia was effective, but TSDP showed no effective. The serum total cholesterol level was decreased when rats were pre treated with TSDP (200 and 400 mg·kg-1, ig) and Dio (200 and 100 mg·kg -1 , ig) .However, the hypercholesterolemia preventing activity of Dio was stronger than that of TSDP. In addition, inhibitory effect of Dio on cholesterol micelle formation was still stronger than that of TSDP. Conclusion: The preventive and therapeutic activity of Dio against hypercholesterolemia indused by cholesterol in mice or rats is stronger than that of TSDP. The anti hypercholesterolemia mechanism of Dio is probably related with its cholesterol absorption inhibitory activity.