山西菜田捕食性食蚜蝇优势种及其对菜蚜的控制效果

Control Aphids in Vegetable Fields with Syrphid Flies

对山西菜田捕食性食蚜蝇优势种及对菜蚜的控制效果进行了研究。菜田常见捕食性食蚜蝇有黑带食蚜蝇、大灰食蚜蝇、斜斑鼓额食蚜蝇、野食蚜蝇、四条小食蚜蝇、短翅细腹食蚜蝇6种 ,以黑带食蚜蝇种群数量最大 ,平均占全年发生总量的 36 3%。通过对食蚜蝇产卵量、孵化率、幼虫期捕食量和羽化率测试 ,筛选出的黑带食蚜蝇、大灰食蚜蝇、斜斑鼓额食蚜蝇幼虫对菜蚜均有较强的捕食能力。其中黑带食蚜蝇为山西菜田菜蚜捕食性食蚜蝇优势种。用黑带食蚜蝇三龄幼虫对菜蚜进行防治试验 ,结果以 1∶1 80防效最佳 ,72h后控制效果达 93 5%。

species of syrphid flies were found in vegetable fields in Shanxi. Biological studies showed that Episyrphus balteatus, Metasyrphus corollae and Scaeva pyrastri were important predators in aphids control and E. balteatus was the predominant species. Field release of the 3rd instar larva of E. balteatus at a predator aphid ratio of 1∶180 killed 93.5% of the vegetable aphids in 72h.