庆大霉素对豚鼠蜗核影响的实验研究

An experimental study on the effect of gentamicin on guinea pig cochlear nucleus

目的观察庆大霉素(gentamicin,GM)耳中毒豚鼠蜗核听神经元的变化。方法 60只豚鼠随机分为正常对照组,GM1d、3d、1w、2w及3w模型组,用免疫组化方法探讨GM对蜗核P物质(Substance P,SP)免疫反应神经元的胞体截面积及细胞数的影响。结果发现GM100mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)腹腔注射后24h,豚鼠蜗核SP样神经元胞体截面积立即发生了变化,并持续到连续注药第21d;SP样神经元细胞数量的变化发生在注药3d以后。结论①GM中毒豚鼠蜗核神经元的变化和耳蜗的病变可能同时发生或早于耳蜗病变。②临床上治疗氨基甙类抗生素所致耳聋应兼治中枢病变并尽早实施。

Purpose To observe the changes of central auditory neurous of guinea pigs of GM (Gentamycin) ototoxicity. Methods Sixty guinea pigs were divided into control groups, and groups of GM 1 d,3d, 1 w, 2 w, 3w. With the methods of immuno-histochemistry, we had explored the influence of GM on the cell body' s cross-sectional area and the cell number of cochlear nucleus SP (substance P) immuno-reaction positive neurons. Results 24 hours after GM 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 was injected into the abdominal cavity, the cell body's cross-sectional area of guinea pig cochlear nucleus SP-like neurons changed at once, and remained on changed until the twenty-first day after injecting GM every day, the changes of cell number of SP-like neurons occurred in the third day after injecting GM. Conclusion ①The pathological changes of cochlear hair-cells and cochlear nucleus neurons after guinea pig GM toxicity, may happen at the same time or the pathological changes of cochlear nucleus is earlier than those of cochlear hair-cells. ② Cliniclly, in treating hearing loss induced by aminoglyacid antibiotics, the central pathological changes should be considered earlier and better.