新疆阿布达里人起源新考

A Study on the Ethnic Origin of Abdals in Xinjiang

"阿布达里人"(Abdallar)是生活在新疆南部偏僻村落中具有独特生活习惯的群体,亦被称为"Darvīsh"(德尔维什)、"Qalandar"(海兰达尔)和"Diwan¨a"(迪瓦奈)等。新疆阿布达里人并非起源于阿拉伯和波斯地区的操阿拉伯语或波斯语的人,而是苏非主义突厥教团在呼罗珊和中亚河中地区深入扎根后逐步形成的操突厥语的人群。阿布达里人迁居新疆地区的时间大约在12世纪至18世纪。

Abstratc： A group of people scattered among the Uygur in the rural areas in the south of Xinjiang, who are characterized with their respectivce life-style, were called by Ugurs as Abdallar （ Abdals） .They were recorded in Persian sources in the form of Darvīsh, with names Abdal, Darvīsh, Qalandar, and Diwan as ethnonyms when they were wandering around western and Central Asia including Xinjiang in China.The Abdals cannot be regarded as ethnically Arab or Persian.Originally they might have been Turkic speaking Darvīshes attached to the sophistic mission in Khorasan and Central Asia.It is more likely that from 12th to 18th century, Abdals moved to Xinjiang.