从《史记·五帝本纪》看司马迁的学术研究方法

Academic research methods of SIMA Qian from biographic sketches of five emperors Shih Chi

《五帝本纪》作为《史记》开篇之作,被誉为"中华正史第一本纪",历来受到学界广泛的关注和高度评价。《史记·五帝本纪》体现出司马迁的"实录"精神和学术研究方法,主要体现为资料收集的广博性、田野调查的广泛性、甄别选材的严谨性、研究思考的深入性等方面。司马迁的"实录"精神和学术研究方法不仅是对历史事实的秉笔直书,更是严谨求实的科学研究方法的体现,对于当今学术研究仍具有深刻的启示作用。

As the beginning of Shih Chi, biographic sketches of five emperors, known as ＂the first official biographic sketches＂, has always received wide attention and high academic evaluation. ＂Biographic scketches of five emperors＂ can embody SIMA Qian＇s ideas about veritable records and academic research methods in several aspects, such as, his broader data collection, the universality of field survey, the rigor of materials selection, and the deep research thinking, etc. SIMA Qian＇s idea about veritable records not only shows his attitude about factual writing and recording history, but also embodies his strict truth-seeking science research methods. All these still provide profound implication for today＇s academic research.