锂离子电池基础科学问题(X)——全固态锂离子电池

Fundamental scientific aspects of lithium ion batteries(X)—All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries

商用锂离子电池由于采用含有易燃有机溶剂的液体电解质,存在着安全隐患。发展全固态锂离子电池是提升电池安全性的可行技术途径之一。目前全固态锂离子电池的应用还需要解决一些科学与技术问题,包括:开发能在宽温度范围使用,兼顾高电导率与电化学稳定性的固体电解质材料;减小电解质相与电极相界面间离子输运电阻的技术;适合全固态电池使用的正负极材料;相关材料与电池的设计与规模化制造技术。本文从固体电解质材料的研究开发进展,高通量计算用于固体电解质材料的筛选以及电极材料与固体电解质界面问题等方面进行了小结。

Commercial lithium ion batteries using flammable nonaqueous electrolytes have that hidden safety problems. All-solid-state lithium ion batteries is one of the possible technologic approaches to address this problem. For practical applications, some scientific and technological barriers need to be overcome, including exploring solid electrolyte material with high conductivity and electrochemical stability; decreasing interface ionic transport resistance between solid electrolyte and electrode phase; suitable anode and cathode materials for all-solid batteries; production technologies for materials~ design and manufacturing of batteries. This paper summarizes briefly the status of solid electrolyte materials, efforts of high-throughput calculation on solid electrolyte materials and the interface issues between electrode material and solid electrolyte.