尖鳞环锈伞的驯化栽培及营养成分分析

Analysis of domestication, cultivation and nutritional componentsPholiota squarrosoides(Peck) Sacc.

文章研究尖鳞环锈伞（Pholiota squarrosoides）菌株的生物学特性、人工栽培条件及子实体营养成分。结果表明，尖鳞环锈伞菌丝生长的最适碳源为葡萄糖，最适氮源为酵母浸粉，最适碳氮比为20：1，最适生长因子为维生素B1，最适培养温度为28℃，最适生长pH 7.0；驯化栽培研究表明，尖鳞环锈伞可以在棉籽壳、木屑为主料的培养基上生长，一般从接种到子实体采收完成约75~87 d，生物学效率为51.29%；子实体营养分析表明，尖鳞环锈伞多糖、维生素B3、蛋氨酸含量丰富，必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量46.00%，必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比值为85.19%，是具有潜在开发价值的人工栽培食用菌新品种。

In this paper, the biological characteristics of Pholiota squarrosoides mycelia, artificial tech-nique of cultivation, and nutritional components analyses were determined. The results showed that, the opti-mal carbon source was glucose, optimal nitrogen source for mycelia growth was yeast extract powder, the most suitable C/N ratio was 20：1, the optimal growth factor was thiamin, the optimal temperature was 28℃and the best pH was 7.0. It could fruit in the compost main mixed with cotton seed hul and sawdust. The re-corded biological efficiency was 51.29%, and duration of cultivation cycle was 75-87 days. The fruiting bod-ies of P. Squarrosoides contained higher contented of polysaccharides, niacin, and methionine, eight kinds essential amino acids accounted for 46.00%of total amino acids, the ratio of essential amino acids to non-es-sential amino acids was 85.19%. P. squarrosoides was found to be delicious mushroom of high nutritional value, which wel deserves exploitation and utilization.