先秦诸子辩证思维对中国古代逻辑思想的影响初探

A Research on the Influence of Dialectical Thinking of Pre-Qin Scholars on Ancient Chinese Logic Thought

在进行中国逻辑史研究时,学者大多从形式思维的角度对中国古代逻辑思想进行研究,这是必要的,但亦不能忽视辩证思维对中国古代逻辑思想的影响。先秦诸子对"类"概念同异的辩证分析,为"推类"的进行奠定了较好的基础。在具体推理过程中,对"推类"前提的辩证考察更是彰显了先秦诸子辩证思维对逻辑思想的影响。因此,考察先秦诸子辩证思维对中国古代逻辑思想的影响,不仅可以深入挖掘中国古代推理思想,而且能全方位地展示古代先人的思维表达艺术。

Most scholars study Chinese logic history from the perspective of formal logic thinking.It is necessary to do so,but we can＇t ignore the influence of dialectical thinking on the ancient Chinese logic thought.The pre-Qin philosophers made dialectical analysis of the similarities and differences between different concepts of＂class＂,which laid a good foundation for Tuilei（reasoning according to classes）.In the specific reasoning process,investigating the premise of Tuilei highlighted the influence of dialectical thinking of pre-Qin scholars on logic thinking.Therefore,to research into the influence of dialectical thinking of pre-Qin scholars on ancient Chinese logic thought can not only deepen the understanding of Chinese ancient thought and reasoning,but also display the art of thinking and expression of ancient ancestors comprehensively.