杂交榛开花结实习性及结果枝组的修剪研究

Study on fruiting habit and pruning of fruiting branch sections of hybrid hazel

为了研究杂交榛的开花结实习性及不同修剪措施对对杂交榛枝类组成的影响,对不同地点、不同品种及不同修剪措施下杂交榛1年生枝的枝长、枝粗进行了测量,并对1年生枝上的雌雄花数量进行了统计。研究表明:(1)杂交榛的雌雄花数量均随着枝长的增加而逐渐增加。长枝上的雌雄花数量最多,中枝上的雌雄花数量居中,短枝上的雌雄花数量最少。(2)重回缩修剪后第一年的杂交榛其1年生枝主要为中长枝,短枝比例较少;缓放2 a以上及缓放1 a的杂交榛其1年生枝主要为短枝,中枝和长枝的比例很小;(3)重回缩修剪能够增加1年生枝中长枝的比例及雌花的个数,缓放1 a能够增加雄花的个数。

In order to study the fruiting habit of hybrid hazel and the influences of different pruning treatments on the formed branch types of hybrid hazel,the length and diameter of one-year-old branches of hybrid hazel in different sites,varieties and with different pruning treatments were measured,and the numbers of female and male flowers on the branches were counted. The results show that（1）The number of female and male flowers of hybrid hazel increased as the increase of the length of one-year-old branches,the number of female and male flowers on long branch was the most plentiful,and the number of female and male flowers on the brachyblast was the least;（2） After the hybrid hazel was treated by heavy cutting-back for one year,its first-year-branches mainly were middle or long branches,short branch was less,while the annual branches of the hybrid slung and put aside over two years for one year were almost brachyblast,the proportion of medium and long branches were small;（3）Heavy cutting-back increased the proportion of long branches and the number of female flower,and slung and put aside for one year increased the male flower of annual branches.