制霉菌素联合碳酸氢钠预防肿瘤放疗患者口腔感染效果观察

Effect observation of nystatin combined with sodium bicarbonate on preventing oral infection for cancer patients treated with radiotherapy

目的观察制霉菌素联合碳酸氢钠预防肿瘤放疗患者口腔感染临床效果,为肿瘤放疗患者口腔感染的防治提供参考依据。方法将2010年2月-2013年2月收治的403例肿瘤放疗患者随机分为两组,对照组200例给予口泰含漱液及生理盐水含漱,观察组203例给予制霉菌素联合碳酸氢钠含漱,统计两组口腔感染及口腔并发症发生率;采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果口腔感染发生率观察组为13.79%,对照组的26.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组口臭、牙龈肿痛、口腔溃疡、真菌斑发生率分别为3.45%、2.96%、5.91%、4.43%,均低于对照组的12.00%、10.00%、21.00%、18.00%(P<0.05);治疗后观察组口腔pH值为6.7±0.5,高于对照组的5.2±0.4,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对肿瘤放疗患者每日采用制霉菌素联合碳酸氢钠漱口,可提高患者口腔pH值,抑制病原菌感染,降低口腔感染及口臭、口腔溃疡等口腔并发症发生率,改善肿瘤放疗患者预后,值得临床推广应用。

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of nystatin combined with sodium bicarbonate on preventing oral infection for cancer patients treated with radiotherapy so as to provide reference evidence for the prevention and treatment of oral infection. METHODS A total of 403 cases of cancer patients treated with radiotherapy from Feb 2010 to Feb 2013 were randomly divided into two groups; 200 patients in the control group were given chlo- rhexidine gargle and normal saline gargle, while 203 patients in the observation group were given nystatin com- bined with sodium bicarbonate gargle, and the incidence rates of oral infection and oral complications of the two groups were statistically summarized. SPSS 17. 0 software was adopted for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS The incidence rate of oral infection in the observation group was 13.79%, lower than 26.00% in the control group, and there was significant difference （P〈0.05） ; the incidence rates of bad breath, gum swelling and aching, dental ulcers, and fungal spot of the observation group were 3.45 %, 2.96 %, 5.91% , and 4.43% respectively, sisbificantly lower than 12.00%, 10.00%, 21.00%, and 18.00% in the control group （P〈0.05） after treatment, the oral pH of the observation group was 6.7±0. 5, sisbificantly higher than 5.2±0.4 in the control group, （P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION Application of nystatin combined with sodium bicarbonate gargle to cancer patients treated with radiotherapy everyday can improve pH value of patients＂ oral cavity, inhibit pathogen infection, reduce the incidence of oral infection and bad breath, dental ulcers and other oral complications, and improve the prognosis of patients, being worthy spreading in clinical practice.