ICU导管相关性感染的目标性监测分析

Objective surveillance analysis of catheter related infections in intensive care unit

目的分析医院ICU导管相关感染的目标性监测结果,为临床有效干预提供参考。方法选取医院2010-2012年ICU收治的1191例患者为观察对象,对患者的医院感染发生情况进行回顾性分析;采用统计软件SPSS19.0进行数据处理。结果 3年ICU收治患者医院感染发生率分别为25.63%、17.59%和16.02%,呈逐年下降趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中心静脉置管使用率分别为37.45%、38.96%和39.36%,呈逐年上升趋势,比较差异无统计学意义;但中心静脉置管相关感染率分别为13.65‰、4.94‰和5.21‰,总体呈下降趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);呼吸机使用率分别为51.28%、69.55%和75.73%,呈逐年上升趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);呼吸机相关感染率分别为18.16‰、5.95‰和8.78‰,总体呈下降趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);导尿管使用率分别为95.95%、90.78%和80.45%,呈逐年下降趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但导尿管相关感染率分别为4.39‰、6.32‰和4.72‰,无明显变化趋势,比较差异无统计学意义。结论对ICU导管相关感染实施目标性监测有助于降低导管相关医院感染的发生率,对ICU的管理有积极的作用。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the objective surveillance results of the catheter related infections in the inten- sive care unit （ICU） so as to provide reference for effective intervention in clinical practice. METHODS A total of 1191 cases of patients treated in the ICU from 2010 to 2012 were selected as observation subjects and the occur- rence of nosocomial infections suffered by patients were retrospectively analyzed; SPSS19.0 software was adopted for data processing. RESULTS In 2010, 2011 and 2012, the nosocomial infection rates in ICU were 25. 63%, 17.59% and 16.02% respectively, which showed a declining trend year by year, and there was significant differ- ence（P〈0. 05）; the central venous indwelling catheter utilization rates were 37. 45%, 38. 96% and 39.36% respectively, which showed an increasing trend year by year and there was no significant difference; however, the central venous indwelling catheter related infection rates were 13. 65‰, 4. 94‰ and 5.21‰respectively, which showed an overall declining trend and there was significant difference（P〈0.05）; the ventilator utilization rates were 51.28%,69.55% and 75.73% respectively, which showed an increasing trend year by year and there was significant difference（P〈0.05） ; however, the ventilator related infection rates were 18.16‰, 5.95‰ and 8.78‰ respectively, which showed an overall declining trend and there was significant difference（P〈0.05） ; the catheter utilization rates were 95.95%, 90.78% and 80.45% respectively, which showed an increasing trend year by year, and there was statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）; however, the catheter related infection rates were 4.39‰,6.32‰ and 4. 72‰ respectively, which showed no obvious change trend and there was no significant difference. CONCLUSION The objective surveillance of the catheter related infections in ICU can contribute to reduce the incidence of catheter related nosocomial infections, and plays an active role in ICU management.