老年晚期癌症患者术后肺部感染的临床分析

Clinical analysis of pulmonary infections of elderly terminal cancer patients treated with surgery

目的探讨老年晚期癌症患者术后并发肺部感染的临床分析及预防研究,以降低肺部感染发生率。方法选取2010-2013年医院手术治疗的82例老年晚期癌症患者为研究对象,其中并发肺部感染的49例患者为观察组,随即选取49例未并发肺部感染的患者为对照组,回顾性分析两组患者的临床资料,对老年晚期癌症患者术后并发肺部感染的的预防进行探讨;所得数据采用SPSS15.0统计软件进行分析。结果两组患者的性别差异无统计学意义,年龄、手术类型、吸烟史、术前并发症、手术时间、手术出血量、术后镇痛用药、术后吸痰护理等比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对上述危险因素分析时发现,年龄>70岁、行开胸手术、吸烟史>10年、术前合并呼吸系统疾病、手术时间>180min、术中出血>400ml、术后使用镇痛药、吸痰时间>30min的患者观察组该类人群比例明显高于对照组,是老年晚期癌症患者术后并发肺部感染的高危因素。结论对年龄较高晚期癌症患者,术后合并肺部感染率较高,对具有高危因素的患者,要针对性的预防治疗和护理,尽量减少肺部感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical infections of elderly terminal cancer patients so analysis and preventive measures for complicated pulmonary as to reduce the occurrence rate of pulmonary infections. METHODS A total of 82 cases of elderly terminal cancer patients treated in the hospital with surgery from 2010 to 2013 were selected as study subjects, including 49 cases of patients complicated with pulmonary infections in the observation group; 49 patients without complicated pulmonary infections were randomly selected into control group~ the clinical data of the two groups of patients were retrospectively analyzed to explore the prevention strat- egy for pulmonary infections suffered by elder terminal cancer patients treated with surgery; all the obtained data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. RESULTS The gender differences of the two groups were not obvious; there was significant difference between the ages, surgery types, smoking history, preoperative complications, surgery time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative analgesia drug uses, and postoperative sputum suction nursings of the two groups（P〈0.05）. During the analysis of above risk factors, it was discovered that patients having age above 70 years old, taking reception of thoracotomy, more than 10 years smoking history, complicated respiratory system disease before surgery, surgery time more than 180 minutes, more than 400ml of intraoperative bleeding amount, postoperative analgesia drug use, and more than 30 minutes sputum suction time in observation group were significantly higher than that in control group, and the above factors were risk factors causing compli- cated pulmonary infection to elderly terminal cancer patients. CONCLUSION The elderly terminal cancer patients have high pulmonary infection rates after surgery; therefore, for the patients with high risk factors, it is required to give specific prevention, diagnosis and nursing, much as possible. therefore, reducing the incidence of pulmonary infection as much as possible.