水胶体敷料预防血液病患儿留置中心静脉导管机械性静脉炎的研究

Research of hydrogel on prevention of mechanical phlebitis induced by indwelling PICC in children with hematological diseases

目的通过寻找水胶体外敷减轻及预防血液病患儿留置经外周中心静脉置管(PICC)后机械性静脉炎的有效护理方法,保证静脉用药的安全性。方法将2009年10月-2013年2月70例行PICC置管的血液病患儿分为试验组24例和对照组46例,根据美国静脉输液护理学会静脉炎程度标准进行判断,试验组置管后采用水胶体敷料,对照组采用常规预防措施,对比两组机械性静脉炎发生情况,采用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果试验组24例患儿发生Ⅱ级静脉炎1例,发生率为4.17%,对照组46例患儿发生不同程度静脉炎13例,Ⅰ级7例、Ⅱ级5例、Ⅲ级1例,发生率为28.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。结论采用局部外敷水胶体敷料能有效预防血液病患儿留置PICC致静脉炎的发生。

OBJECTIVE To seek effective nursing methods for external application of hydrogel to alleviate and pre- vent mechanical phlebitis after indwelling PICC in children with hematologic diseases. METHODS A total of 70 children suffered from hematologic diseases who underwent PICC catheterization in Oct. 2009-Feb. 2013 were di- vided into the experimental group （n= 24） and the control group （n= 46）. Judgment was made according to phlebitis seriousness criteria issued by the Intravenous Nurse Society. The experimental group received external appli- cation of hydrogel after catheterization, while the control group received conventional measures. The incidence of mechanical phlebitis in two groups was compared. The SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The experiment group of 24 children had only 1 case of grade II phlebitis, the incidence was 4.17%. The control group had 13 cases of phlebitis at different degrees, including 7 cases of grade I, 5 cases of grade II, 1 case of grade III, the incidence was 28.26%, with significant difference （P〈0. 005）. CONCLUSION Application of local topical hydrocolloid dressings can effectively prevent the occurrence of phlebitis after indwelling PICC in children with hematological diseases.