夏热冬暖地区代表性城市与农村居住建筑热环境设计与计算指标

Design and Calculation Indicators of Thermal Environments for Urban and Rural Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Zone

本文以指导建筑被动式设计、空调设计和建筑节能为导向,通过建筑热环境现场调研,确定夏热冬暖地区城市与农村居住建筑的热环境设计与计算指标。在2008～2012四年间,对广州32栋住宅和宿舍楼及潮汕地区270户农村住宅开展持续调研,涉及城市人群样本92人、农村448人,共计获得包含有热环境物理参数和居民主观反应的现场调研数据3 849份,空调环境温湿度变化数据1 003份。基于数据分析,得到自然通风、使用风扇和使用分体空调3种情况下居民热环境接受度随室内环境的变化规律,确定满足80%接受度的热环境参数范围,并据此提出夏热冬暖地区城市与农村居住建筑的热环境设计与计算指标。

The present study is aimed to obtain the design and calculation indicators of thermal environments for urban and rural residential buildings in hot summer and warm winter zone and provide guidance for passive building design,HVAC system design and building energy conservation.During the four years from 2008 to 2012,series of field surveys were conducted on 32 residential and dormitory buildings in Guangzhou and 270 houses in Chaoshan area and 92 urban and 448 rural residents were involved.Totally 3 894 sets of field survey data containing both physical parameters of thermal environments and subjective responses of residents and 1 003 sets of measuring data for air-conditioned environments were collected.Based on the data,the relationship between percentage acceptable and indoor environments was analyzed and the 80% acceptable range was determined for condition of natural ventilation,using fans and using split air-conditioners separately,and the design and calculation indicators were proposed accordingly for urban and rural buildings.