葡萄种间杂种的抗寒性评价

Cold-resistance Evaluation in Grape Interspecific Hybrids

以葡萄种间杂交3个组合的亲本及其123株F1代、1个种间杂种(品种)及其8株自交后代为试材,通过人工低温胁迫处理一年生休眠枝条,测定了冻害指数、电解质外渗率、可溶性糖3项指标的变化,并采用隶属函数法综合评价了各株系的抗寒性。结果表明:"玫瑰香"(Vitis vinifera)×"黑龙江实生"(V.amurensis)、"红地球"(V.vinifera)×"双优"(V.amurensis)2个组合F1代的抗寒性均介于双亲之间;欧山杂种(品种)"北醇"自交后代出现了抗性分离,表现为不同程度的抗寒;"燕山-1"(V.yeshanensis)×"河岸-3"(V.ripia)F1代116株出现了抗性分离,存在超亲遗传,筛选出高抗寒杂种28株,但总体上抗寒性遗传倾向于抗寒性弱的方向。

One-year-old branches of grapevine were treated under cold stress condition,the cold hardiness of 123F1 progenies from 3 interspecific cross combinations and 8 progenies from cultivar‘Beichun＇self-pollination were comprehensive evaluation based on the cold index（CI）,relative electric conductivity（REC）and soluble sugar content（SS）by the subordinate function（SF）.The results showed that the cold-resistance level of F1 individuals was between the parents of combinations‘Muscat Hamburg＇（Vitis vinifera）× ‘Heilongjiang seedling＇（V.amurensis）and‘Red Globe＇（Vitis vinifera）× ‘Shuangyou＇（V.amurensis）,the cold-resistance level of selfing progenies form ‘Beichun＇was separate and belongs to different resistance degree.Among the 116F1 progenies of the combination‘Yanshan-1＇（V.yeshanensis）×V.riparia Beaumont,the cold-resistance was also separate and exists transgressive inheritance,and presents a genetic trend of tending to cold-resistance of weak direction.A total 28 high resistance hybrids were obtained from the last cross combination.