不同施氮处理对芸豆产量和品质的影响

Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatments on Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Kidney Bean

以芸豆为试材,开展田间小区试验,研究冷凉气候条件下新型缓释肥与普通氮肥用量对芸豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)产量和早、中、后生育期品质的影响。结果表明:与当地习惯施肥相比,150、240kg/hm2缓释肥(纯氮,下同)和450kg/hm2普通尿素处理芸豆产量分别增加10.42%、8.57%、14.11%,三者之间差异不显著。随生育时期的延长,芸豆品质指标变化规律不同,所有处理下硝酸盐含量呈显著性增加,后期与早期相比,150、240kg/hm2缓释肥和450kg/hm2普通尿素处理增幅较大,三者之间差异不显著;维生素C含量呈显著增加趋势,总体来看,150kg/hm2缓释肥、450kg/hm2普通尿素处理相对较高,二者之间差异不显著;可溶性糖呈显著性下降,总体来看,150、240kg/hm2缓释肥和450kg/hm2普通尿素处理相对较高,三者之间差异不显著;蛋白质含量呈中期显著性增加后期下降,中后期不同处理之间都没有显著差异。以上结果说明,当地气候和生产条件下,低量缓释肥施用具有较好效果,减少投入的同时,能够保持蔬菜产量和品质的稳定。

Field plot experiment in cool climate was conducted to study the effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer（SLNF）and common urea（CU）on the yield and quality indicators of early,middle and later growing period of kidney bean（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）.Results showed that compared with the local conventional fertilization,the yields of kidney bean treated by 150,240kg/hm2 SLNF and 450kg/hm2 CU increased by 10.42%,8.57%and 14.11%,respectively,and there were no significant differences among them.During growing period of kidney bean,the quality indicators showed different changing trends.The nitrate contents of the kidney bean in all treatments significantly increased,compared with the early stage,the highest increasing were in the treatments of 150,240kg/hm2 SLNF and 450kg/hm2 CU at late stage,and there were no significant differences among them;the vitamin C contents significantly increased,which were generally higher in the treatments of 150kg/hm2 SLNF and 450kg/hm2 than the others＇;the soluble sugar contents significantly decreased,in general,which were higher in the treatments of 150,240kg/hm2 SLNF and 450kg/hm2 CU than the others＇;protein content significantly increased at the middle stage,and decreased at the late stage,there were no significant differences among all treatments at the middle and late stages.In conclusion,low-level SLNF application had a good effect on maintaining stable yield and quality of kidney bean,In the meantime,it also could reduce the input of nitrogen fertilizer.